Application advice

Application advice [Productivity! This is my second entry of the day. Be sure to check out the first one for some QA.] Last Thursday night, Ruth emailed the floor, asking for people to celebrate her last night as a humanities major. (As of last Friday, Ruth switched from Course 17 to Course 11, which is actually part of the School of Architecture and Planning and not the School of Humanities, Arts, and Social Sciences.) We went to the South Street Diner, which, according to both Ruth and the How to GAMIT is the only 24-hour establishment in Boston- so it must be true! According to the GAMITs review (and now I can proudly say, personal experience) the South Street Diner has some angsty waitstaff (Ruths word, I believe, not mine), and a pretty awesome atmosphere. They were also awarded the title of best milkshakes in Boston at one point, Im pretty sure. As Zach, Ruth, Matt and I were waiting for the T, Ruth told everyone that they had to be especially witty and entertaining so that it would become a blog-worthy experience. (Seriously, Conner 2 people are going to become so famous due to the sheer concentration of bloggers on the floor.) We only went in the wrong direction for about a block and a half, which is no big deal in my book, and we enjoyed our milkshakes without major incident. But by the time we were done, it was past 1 AM, so we had officially missed the last T run of the night and decided to take a taxi back to campus. We passed a long line of taxis until Zach approached the first car in the line. As the driver rolled down the window, Zach leaned in and said, in the most innocent voice, Hi, yeahwe want to go to MIT? OK, so maybe you had to be there, but Ruth and Matt and I thought it was hilarious. I found it a little like that How do you get to Carnegie Hall? joke, and we kept giggling about it in the back of the taxi. We want to go to MIT? So do lots of people! On that topic, I feel like the time has officially come for Lauras Entry on Unsolicitied College Application Advice. The first thing Id probably advise you to do would be to finish your applications way early to avoid all of the stress. But Im sure youve all already heard that and wont actually accomplish it anyway even if you really intend to (not to burst anyones bubble), so Im going to skip right along to my next piece of advice. 1) Examples are good. Be specific. Make sure to choose teachers who actually know you to write your letters of recommendation. You may even want to give them a list of cool things you did- and by that I dont mean a resume! I actually learned this from my history teacher- when he was writing a letter of rec for me for a political science summer camp, he kept asking me questions about specific things I had done in his class. The program I was applying to was looking for people who were passionate about public policy, so instead of just writing Laura writes good essays, my teacher told them about the topics of my essays. That way he could tell them about how I gave presentations on campaign finance reform, instead of just saying that I had good presentation skills. See the difference? Now take that concept and apply it to MIT! (But dont go nuts about it- your teachers can handle the job. Dont give them a huge list of everything you ever did in their class, and dont worry if you cant thi nk of anything particularly interesting. But if you can remember a couple of specific examples of things you think an MIT admissions officer might appreciate, remind your teacher about it, and let them take it from there.) 2) When youre writing your essays, you dont want to be generic. You have to keep in mind the sheer size of the applicant pool. If you think you have a great idea for an essay topic, you probably do. You just have to remember that there were probably lots of people who had similar experiences, so boiling your own story down to vague concepts isnt going to do you any good. For my essay, I decided to write about problems I had to overcome on my high school field hockey team. I thought I had a great, original story to tell. So I wrote my essay about overcoming obstacles and not giving up and gave it to a friend to proofread, and he told me it was horrible. I got pretty upset with him, as you can imagine. Here I was, totally convinced that I had this edgy, original story to tell, and he went and shot me down by telling me just how unoriginal it was. It turns out we were both right. I did have a pretty cool and original story- after all, it was a true life story. No one else has had the same experiences as me. But while writing the essay, I tried to cram 3 years of experience into 500 words, so all that came across was I didnt give up even though I came across obstacles. Well guess what- that has happened to everybody! So I sat down and completely started over. Only this time, I chose a very specific obstacle that I was faced with- one incident that happened on one particular day- and wrote a very detailed description about that experience. I showed this new essay to my mother, who told me it made me look like I was just whining about challenges! The actual story had been lost in all my details about that one specific incident. By now I was really frustrated with everyone who kept telling me my essays sucked, and I was determined to prove that I actually did have a good essay in there somewhere! So I sat down with the 2 completely different essays and pieced together a hybrid with the most important parts of each. By the time I was done I thought I had a pretty cool college application essay. The key is to find the right balance between giving detailed descriptions that are about you, and showing the admissions people the big picture (how your story shows something about who you are, and how it relates back to the question they actually asked you in the first place!) And now, here it is LAURAS NUMBER ONE RULE FOR THE ADMISSIONS PROCESS:I already talked about this in my first entry ever. If you are reading this now and thinking yeah yeah okay but what about the 770 I got on the math section of the SAT? Thats THIRTY WHOLE POINTS BELOW PERFECT, then you need to stop. Right now. Im totally serious. I really think that kind of thing is nothing short of unhealthy, and Marliee Jones agrees with me. First of all, I only got a 700 on the math section of the SAT I (gasp!), and I dont want to listen to other people worry that a 770 means theyre not smart enough for MIT. That makes me part sad, part angry. (Mostly angry. =P) Second of all, perfection is useless. Of course MIT only admits students who are qualified, but once you hit a certain level of scores and grades and activities, the applicant pool is so large that a difference in 10 points on your SATs simply does not matter. At this point, youve done all you can do. You cant worry about that one research paper you handed in late freshman year that lost you .01 points on your history GPA. All you can do is try to show MIT who you are through your interviews and essays, and the more relaxed you are, the easier that will be. Good luck!

Landmark Death Penalty Cases, Supreme Court

Coffee Shop Business Plan - 8552 Words

Table of Contents 1. Executive Summary 2. General Company Description 3. Products and services 4. Marketing Plan 1. Market Research 2. Economics 3. Product 4. Customers 5. Competition 6. Table 1: Competitive Analysis 7. Niche 8. Strategy 9. Promotion 10. Pricing 11. Proposed Location 12. Distribution Channels 5. Operational Plan 1. Production 2. Location 3. Legal Environment 4. Personnel 5. Inventory 6. Suppliers 7. Credit Policies 8. Managing Accounts Receivable 9. Managing Accounts Payable 6. Management Organisation 1. Professional Advisory Support 7. Financial Statements 1. Sales Forecast 2. Startup Expenses †¦show more content†¦We are striving for convenience therefore we want to locate our shop in the expanded part of the Midlands Mall which is very easy to get to from the N3. We will market our shop to the youth sector as many of them are students and do not have laundry facilities, holiday makers and the ordinary housewife. The coffee shop will supply the finest coffee and healthy meals. We feel our business will grow rapidly as the community needs a safe place to meet. Short and Long -Term planning Our business will produce a Long-Term Plan, perhaps 5 years into the future, and a Short-Term Plan looking at the following 12 months. In a Short-Term Plan, risks can be taken that will improve current profit. Our Long-Term Plan, will be to make lots of money, we must make as much profit as possible without cheating the customers. But the business must do more than just take full advantage of the current year’s profit. It must look at the future year’s profits as well. Success of the Company Unhappy employees may result in low output, strikes and poor work ethic, which will in turn have an adverse effect on the wealth of the partnership. Our business will strive to provide good working conditions for its employees. We will make sure that our business does not hinder the community by spoiling the environment which might give us bad publicity, resulting in the lack of customers coming to our shop and penalties arising. We willShow MoreRelatedCoffee Shop Business Plan8541 Words   |  35 PagesTable of Contents 1. Executive Summary 2. General Company Description 3. Products and services 4. Marketing Plan 1. Market Research 2. Economics 3. Product 4. Customers 5. Competition 6. Table 1: Competitive Analysis 7. Niche 8. Strategy 9. Promotion 10. Pricing 11. Proposed Location 12. Distribution Channels 5. Operational Plan 1. Production 2. Location 3. Legal Environment 4. Personnel 5. Inventory 6. Suppliers 7. Credit PoliciesRead MoreBusiness Plan On Coffee Shops1425 Words   |  6 PagesBusiness Plan On Coffee Shops Business Name : Rio Coffee Comapany Name: Well Food Name of the founder: Abdus Salam Problems The coffee shop isn’t truly a restaurant and it isn’t strictly a retail establishment. There are also several real business issues that are somewhat unique to the coffee shop industry as a whole.   †¢ Rising supply cost: Profit margins in the coffee industry are relatively hefty ( about 85%, give or take), but the overall profit per cup is small. And making margins is evenRead MoreMarketing Plan For Coffee Shop Business Essay1228 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction Coffee is one of the most popular world’s most popular beverages. Almost every person loves coffee. Americans consume 400 million cups of coffee per day, equivalent to 146 billion cups of coffee per year, making the United States the leading consumer of coffee in the world according to Huffington post. If you are a coffee addicts or coffee lover, most likely you will begin every day with a cup of coffee. It’s not a doubtful guess, given that 68 percent of coffee drinkers have a cupRead MoreMarketing Plan For Coffee Shop Business Essay2015 Words   |  9 Pages Coffee is one of the most popular world’s most popular beverages. Almost every person loves coffee. Americans consume 400 million cups of coffee per day, equivalent to 146 billion cups of coffee per year, making the United States the leading consumer of coffee in the world according to Huffington post. If you are a coffee addicts or coffee lover, most likely you will begin eve ry day with a cup of coffee. It’s not a doubtful guess, given that 68 percent of coffee drinkers have a cupRead MoreSample Business Plan of Coffee Shop13076 Words   |  53 PagesSource: www.bplans.com Following is a sample business plan of a coffee retail chain. Although Mekong Capital is not demanding a similar standard, qualified business plans are expected to cover most aspects of the sample. More samples and information are available on Bplans website (www.bplans.com). Page 1 of 34. Source: www.bplans.com TABLE OF CONTENT 1.0 Executive Summary ......................................................................................................... 3 1.1Read MoreBusiness Plan for Opening a Coffee Shop1600 Words   |  7 PagesOpening a coffee shop In today’s China, the development of coffee market growth rapidly. Many people try to take part in this business market. However, it had a successful coffee shop is not an easy task. There are few points we must focus on when we decided to open a coffee shop. First of all, the most important thing is choosing a good location. We cannot make the decision recklessly. Owners should analysis to the different situation with surrounding areas, including: surrounding people’sRead MoreBusiness Plan For Vanilla Bean Coffee Shop1091 Words   |  5 PagesBusiness Plan Vanilla Bean Coffee Shop Executive Summary Recognition to major coffee chains, in the last two decades the coffeehouse has become a familiar portion of American life. Every day, millions of Americans stop for a specialty coffee. These consumers who would not have dreamed of spending more than fifty cents for a cup of coffee a few years ago now joyfully pay three to five dollars for their specialty flavored hot and ice blended javas. The specialty coffee business is growing at a robustRead MoreCoffee Shop Business Plan Essay1704 Words   |  7 Pagespage 2 Hannah Eisenstat had a business plan to own and operate a small business to sell coffee to patrons. The business started out with one owner Hannah being sole proprietorship venture. The business started out a bit weak while Hannah found once it was up and operating that the coffee did not produce the flavor she had anticipated and envisioned. A regular customer made an offer to become an investor offering an idea that would eliminate the small business into a larger company that wouldRead MoreMarketing Plan For A Successful Coffee Shop1105 Words   |  5 Pagesthemselves if someone wants to start a business they have to be prepared. They can not just start a business without a good strategy; they have to have preparations in place in order for the business to become very successful. For example, the Starbucks Company started with one store in Pike Place Market in Seattle, Washington in 1971. Starbucks now has over 21,000 stores in 65 different countries. To achieve this level of success, one must have a good business plan, excellent marketing materials, andRead MoreCoffee Shop1526 Words   |  7 PagesSample coffee shop business plan A sample business plan for a coffee shop which can be used to create your own business plan or help you assess the risks and benefits of opening a coffee shop or similar business. Sponsored Links [pic][pic]    |If you are planning to open a coffee shop, the very first thing you need to do is write a business plan. This is useful in many | |ways: it will allow you time to consider all your options before committing as well as put down on paper your goals

Indian National Congress and Dear Fellow Indians Free Essays

Today we celebrate the 65th Independence Day of our great Nation. On this joyous occasion I convey my greetings and good wishes to all the Indians living in this beautiful country and pray for their peace, progress and prosperity. On this auspicious day, 64 years ago, India attained freedom from colonial rule and the people of our country became the masters of their destiny. We will write a custom essay sample on Indian National Congress and Dear Fellow Indians or any similar topic only for you Order Now All in all, the past 64 years have been momentous. Despite serious challenges on varied fronts, including several attacks on the territorial integrity of India, we have been able to keep the flame of democracy burning bright. And, today, India is looked upon as the largest and most vibrant democracy in the world. In recent years India has been well known the world over for its achievements in several fields, particularly in the arena of Information Technology. The struggle for Indian independence began with the first war of Indian independence in 1857. Although not fully a success, this revolt sowed the seed for a new force, which was to take this struggle to its rightful end. As British oppression strengthened so did the urge to attain the freedom from it. This urge found voice in the form of many great leaders such as Subhash Chandra Bose, Lala Lajpat Rai, Bhagat Singh, Rajguru, Sukhdev, Khudiram Bose, Ram Prasad Bismil,Mahatma Gandhi, Jawaharlal Nehru, Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel to name a few. These great patriots along with a lot unnamed freedom fighters sacrificed their lives for the cause of the nation. This dream of millions of Indians was realized when finally India got freedom on August 15, 1947. The joy of independence brought along with it the grief of partition! The country was divided into two parts – India and Pakistan. The greatest achievement of this country is that in spite of its vast diversity and a population of 1/6 of entire humanity, the country has continued to remain intact and strong even after over six decades of independence. Today the nation is all set to make a big come back, in spite of all its odds. It is a fact that the Indi. How to cite Indian National Congress and Dear Fellow Indians, Papers

Managerial Decision Making Project Business

Question: Discuss about the Managerial Decision Making for Project Business. Answer: Project Management When an organisation decides to start a new project, there are several areas of planning like all the activities related to the project should be enlisted in a detailed manner, an estimate is made regarding the manpower and their responsibilities, budget is prepared and all the information required for the product is sorted (Artto Wikstrm, 2005). Following are the best practices in project management: There has to the proper integration of all the processes like planning, execution, monitoring and controlling. All the tasks involved in the project should be properly defined and sequenced. There should be proper planning of resources, budget estimation, cash flow etc. Proper steps should be taken to ensure quality. There should be a proper development of teams and tasks should be delegated to them. There should be a proper mechanism for information flow and reporting. Proper measures should be taken for risk identification and control. Project Description The company Gen-Com Pvt. Ltd, a telecom company plans to introduce a new product in the market. The company has a large base of post-paid and prepaid customers in the world. It will be a money transfer service which the customers will be able to access through their mobile phones. So the company wants to build a mobile application through which the customers will be able to pay bills for any post-paid number, recharge any prepaid number and pay their electricity/ water bill from any part of the world (Blichfeldt Eskerod, 2008). The activation fee for this service will be 2 dollars. Once the customer gets registered, he needs to install the application. After this, he can make transactions. He can load money through the retail outlets of the company or use net banking. For minimum transactions of 70 dollars, he will get cash back of 5 dollars every month and will get customised offers. Project Charter The project charter provides a framework for the execution of the project. It includes the following elements: Project stakeholders- The project is sponsored by Gen-Com Pvt. Ltd. in collaboration with Alpha Bank. Robert Brown is the project manager. A team of 50 people will work on this project. Project schedule- The project will start on 1st Aug 2016 and is scheduled to finish by 1st Nov The project will be reviewed after every 1 month. Project budget- The estimated budget for the entire project is 25,000 dollars. Project administration- There need to be a proper communication plan that defines how information will be shared and how reporting will be done. There needs to be a quality management plan that defines how quality planning, monitoring, and control will be done throughout the project (Weinkauf Hoegl, 2002). There needs to be a human resource plan that defines the team members and their roles. Significance From various surveys, the company came to know that it is not convenient for people to visit outlets and pay bills. Thus, many people use online websites to pay their bills. The company decided to launch this product in order to increase its revenue and gain an edge over its competitors (Stoy Kalusche, 2006). This would enhance the customer experience and would result in brand loyalty. This project will initially be launched in the USA, and then it will be functional in different parts of the world. Research Questions To understand the characteristics of the market, a market survey was conducted. A questionnaire was formed that consisted of the following questions: Which telecom operator are you currently using? How many members in your family are using Gen-Com Ltd.? How much do you spend on post-paid bill/ prepaid recharge in 1 month? Which mode of payment do you prefer for making post-paid bills or pre-paid recharge? Are you satisfied with your current mode of payment do you prefer for making post-paid bills or pre-paid recharge? Work Breakdown Structure Work breakdown structure decomposes the entire project into small, manageable chunks of work. It is easier to make development plans, create work schedules and allocate financial resources for each chunk of work rather than for the entire project (Fulford, 2013). The entire project is split into the following tasks: Task 1- Market analysis using primary data Task 2- Developing a mobile application for the product (ETRANS) Task 3- Test marketing of the product Task 4- Developing a report on the basis of test marketing and reviewing the product Task 5- Developing a promotional strategy for the product (G) Project Schedule and Budget TASK NAME DURATION START DATE FINISH DATE BUDGET DESCRIPTION MARKET ANALYSIS 31 DAYS 1/8/2016 31/08/2016 4000 TASK 1 APPLICATION DEVELOPMENT 20 DAYS 1/9/2016 20/09/2016 10000 TASK 2 TEST MARKETING 10 DAYS 21/09/2016 30/09/2016 5000 TASK 3 REPORT GENERATION 10 DAYS 1/10/2016 10/10/2016 1000 TASK 4 PROMOTIONAL STRATEGY 22 DAYS 11/10/2016 1/11/2016 5000 TASK 5 Figure 1: Gantt chart showing flow of project Performance Analysis And Risk Analysis It is very important to measure the performance of the project like- are all the activities/ tasks being executed as per schedule, is the project being executed within the budget estimated, what will be the total cost and duration for the completion of the project (Jowah, 2015). If there is a variance in the actual value of a parameter and estimated value of the parameter, the project manager should take corrective actions. Following are the techniques to measure performance: Cost variance= Budgeted Cost for Work Performed (BCWP) - Actual Cost of Work Performed (ACWP) Schedule variance in cost terms= Budgeted Cost for Work Performed (BCWP) - Budgeted Cost for Work Scheduled (BCWS) Risk analysis aims at identifying the probability of each risk and its consequent impact on the project. Various tools can be used for risk monitoring (Nobelius Trygg, 2002). Audits can be conducted by people who are not a part of the project team. The project manager should review the tasks from time to time and reports should be prepared on the basis of reviews. In case the risks are identified, the reserved manpower/ finances should be used or an alternate plan should be used. References Artto, K. Wikstrm, K. (2005). What is project business?.International Journal Of Project Management,23(5), 343-353. Blichfeldt, B. Eskerod, P. (2008). Project portfolio management Theres more to it than what management enacts.International Journal Of Project Management,26(4), 357-365. Fulford, R. (2013). The Sales Process of Information Systems: Implications for Project Execution and Business Benefits.Proj Mgmt Jrnl,44(5), 89-99. Jowah, L. (2015). Project Management Tools and Techniques for Effective Project Execution.Journal Of Business And Economics,6(10), 1762-1774. Nobelius, D. Trygg, L. (2002). Stop chasing the Front End process management of the early phases in product development projects.International Journal Of Project Management,20(5), 331-340. Stoy, C. Kalusche, W. (2006). The determination of occupancy costs during early project phases.Construction Management And Economics,24(9), 933-944. Weinkauf, K. Hoegl, M. (2002). Team leadership activities in different project phases.Team Performance Management,8(7/8), 171-182.

“Anthem For A Doomed Youth” By Wilfred Owen Essay Essay Example

â€Å"Anthem For A Doomed Youth† By Wilfred Owen Essay Essay â€Å"Anthem for Doomed Youth† is an lament in which Wilfred Owen conveys his bosom felt unhappiness and disgust for the loss of life in World War I. This verse form shatters the fantasized images of war by juxtaposing the opposite universes of world and the romanticized rhetoric that distorts it. He writes about the true experience of military decease. and efficaciously expresses these powerful sentiments in merely 14 lines by usage of a slightly violent imagination that is compounded by the changeless comparing of world to myth. The verse form is intriguingly entitled. â€Å"Anthem for Doomed Youth. † Get downing with the rubric. Owen places his words into a context that contrasts with his message. An anthem is normally a loyal vocal of a group of people. state. or state as a agency to honour it. such as in the National Anthem. An anthem is a vocal that is supposed to raise up feelings of jingoism. and love for one’s state or group. Here in America. our National Anthem particularly reminds us of the soldier. who is invariably juxtaposed with the image of the† Star Spangled Banner† . We will write a custom essay sample on â€Å"Anthem For A Doomed Youth† By Wilfred Owen Essay specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on â€Å"Anthem For A Doomed Youth† By Wilfred Owen Essay specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on â€Å"Anthem For A Doomed Youth† By Wilfred Owen Essay specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer The National Anthem is thought to be something that is synonymous with congratulations for one’s state and support of its military personnels. For Owen to call his verse form â€Å"Anthem for Doomed Youth† implies that those Doomed Youth have no other anthem to honour them. Owen is stating that the experience of the deceasing young person is non the 1 that is conveyed in the National Anthem. His statement is that his verse form expresses the true sentiment of the deceasing young person of war. In the first sentence. Owen begins depicting what he views as the reliable image of war by usage of an attention-getting analogy. This analogy postulates that the young person who are being massacred are deceasing like cowss. This is such a dramatic phrase because cowss unrecorded and decease the worst of lives. Cattles are bred merely for mass slaughter. and decease is inevitable for them. They are kept in confined topographic points. frequently surrounded by fencings and barbed wire. Cattle are besides considered to hold no intent in life except to function and nourish others. It is clear that this comparing of deceasing soldiers to cattle is non a blandishing one. and it is a comparing that would non be given by an advocator of war. It is in direct resistance to the description of heroism and award that comes frontward from the romanticized description of soldiers. Owen places this dramatic analogy at the terminal of a rhetorical inquiry that he himself answers in the following fe w lines. The inquiry that Owen asks is. â€Å"What go throughing bells for these who die as cowss? † The passing bells refer to the bells that are tolled after someone’s decease to denote that decease to the universe. Owen says that unlike a funeral emanation the lone things that announce the decease of these soldiers are the sounds of the instruments that killed them. He answers his opening inquiry by stating that the lone bells that are tolled are the unerasable sounds of war and decease. When depicting those sounds of war. Owen undertakings upon the reader the evil interests of war through words like â€Å"monstrous. † â€Å"anger. † and â€Å"rattle. † These are words that give the reader a gustatory sensation of fright. and a sense of repeating solitariness. The 2nd stanza continues in its comparison of the sounds and images of a funeral emanation to the sounds and images of a battleground. He uses graphic words to demo the abrasiveness of war in this stanza merely as he did in the first stanza. However. in the 2nd stanza. Owen focuses on imagination of unhappiness and compunction instead than evil and horror. Owen seems to be consecutive depicting the jobs with the war in the first eight lines. First. he ingrains on the reader the sights and sounds of the battleground. Then. he expresses the after effects of sorrow and unhappiness. For illustration. the 2nd stanza contains the words â€Å"mourning. † â€Å"wailing. † â€Å"bugles. † â€Å"sad. † and â€Å"shires. † all marks and descriptions of compunction. The concluding six brakes off greatly from the remainder of the verse form. The first two stanzas usage heavy imagination to exemplify the horrors of war. and the solitariness that accompanies it. The stanzas plaint over the fact that the soldiers die a decease of amour propre. and are non remembered. The words that are used are really rough and acidic in that they leave the reader with a feeling of the bloodshed and loss. The last stanza is more melancholic and brooding in its words than the old two. And unlike the first two stanzas. the inquiry that introduces them is answered in a manner that leaves the reader with some type of consolation. This feeling of hope in the six is culminated in the last lines of the stanza. demoing that the male childs will be remembered by some. Owen’s sobering imagination is greatly empowered through his apposition of conflicting thoughts of war. Another illustration of this is his arranging the verse form into a sonnet. Sonnets are usually written about subjects of love and love affair. Owen wrote about decease and disenfranchisement. The usage of the word â€Å"anthem† in the rubric adds to this manner every bit good. An anthem is normally a superficial. wellbeing. cockamamie vocal. This anthem is sad. gloomy. and somber. This use of sarcasm gives the verse form a flooring consequence by boxing the text of the verse form in the signifier of a sonnet and anthem while the verse form has a message that is antithetical to those two genres. This apparently self-contradictory attack makes the reader experience the power of Owen’s constructs because those constructs are so strongly contrasted by conflicting images.

Paths to Constitutionalism and essays

Paths to Constitutionalism and essays Paths to Constitutionalism and Absolutism- England and France in the Seventeenth Century Constitutional Crisis and Settlement in Stuart England: James I, a believer in the divine right of kings, failed to understand the importance of Parliament in governing England. He dissolved Parliament, trying to rule without it until Englands involvement in the Thirty Years War made it necessary to reconvene it. But after Parliament passed the Great Protestation in 1621, James once again dissolved it. Charles I, forced by wars, called for Parliament to vote funds, which it refused to do until he signed the Petition of Right in 1628. In 1642, Parliament seized control of the Army. This started the English Civil War (1642-1649). The middle class people were the Roundheads and the Anglican clergy and nobility and peasants who backed the king were Royalists or Cavaliers. The Roundheads allied with Presbyterian Scotland; the king called on Irish Catholics for help. Oliver Cromwell, a Puritan leader of Parliament, led his New Model Army of Puritans against the Cavaliers and defeated them. Charles surrendered to the Scots, who turned him over to Parliament, but then turned about and allied with him. Cromwell defeated the Scots at the Battle of Preston, and helped get rid of the Presbyt. in Parliament...Parliament then voted to behead Charles. Cromwell ruled until he died in 1658. Richard was deposed in 1660 and Charles II was proclaimed ing. The Tory and Whig parties develop. Tories are mostly nobles and conservatives that support monarchy over parliament. Whigs are mostly middle class and Puritan and favor parliament and religious toleration. The Glorious Revolution: James II was unpopular the moment he took the throne. In 1688, important nobles invited William of Orange and Mary to take the English throne. James fled to exile in France. The new monarchs accepted the Declaration of Rights from parliament. The Glorious Revolution inc...